My Reaction free essay sample

This epic was composed to remind us the awful things that Jose Rizal experienced during his time by the Spanish. From the very beginning of this novel, the principal plan of ourâ national legend is, toâ write this novel with the assistance of his comrade that is likewise enduring to the hands of the Spanish, yet out of nowhere he neglected to do it with the assistance of his kinsman, since his compatriot lose their expectation in satisfying their fantasies to have opportunity in the possession of the Spanish settlements. Jose Rizal didn't surrender, since he proceed compose this novel without the assistance of his comrade, and he chose to compose it without anyone else only.The first section of this novel was entitled  µÃ¢ ¶the paging⠶â ¶, where in, in this part expressed the way of life of Don Santiago de los Santos otherwise called Capitan Tiago, he was from Binondo and he was the progression father of Maria Clara as indicated by this section. We will compose a custom exposition test on My Reaction or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In this section, different characters was Padre sibyla, Padre Damaso, and Tangent Guevarra. As per this part, Capitan tiago welcomed the said characters to go to his home and have asimple gathering, yet out of nowhere it went to a battle between Padre Damaso and Tenyente Guevaraâ because of the ereheng namatay.It outlines the spoiled arrangement of administration, the unlawful methods of the congregation and the unfavorabletradeâ of the benefit class. The Noli additionally relates how the administration, the congregation and the benefit class control the individuals. The administration denies the young ofâ educationâ and how they utilize the people groups obliviousness for their potential benefit. The slippery ministers by methods for God and confidence controlled the individuals. Making them fakers of numerous types. Then again, the benefit class utilized their world class status to advance beyond everyone, by snare or by hoodlum utilizing the me first disposition. In the Noli, the feeble and dispossed apparently lose trust coming about to sad passings (as the case Pilisopo Tasyo) and now and then madness. (as the instance of Sisa)Hence the mistreated shaped a fraternity that would like to free the nation by utilization of power. Without much of any result, because of disruption and absence of arms, every single endeavor at opposition fizzled. In Noli, the character of Juan Crisostomo Ibarra was presented, a keen and promising youngster who has high any desires for changing the course of the nation.

Zaire and Vietnam - Countries in Turmoil essays

Zaire and Vietnam - Countries in Turmoil expositions Zaire and Vietnam Countries in Turmoil After, previously, and during the Vietnam War, America has attempted to push vote based system, or if nothing else vote based thoughts, onto different nations. In Africa, Zaire was a nation that was vigorously impacted by the ethics of the U.S. a steady government and an avaricious, free enterprise economy, scarcely held set up, gratitude to its fares. As per students of history, America followed through with their proposition of international strategy a stalemate type of monetary and popularity based help - in spite of the fact that it was up to the nation whether to utilize this goad the correct way viably. The U.S., during the hour of the Cold War, felt that anybody against socialism was a companion, and in this way advanced Zaire and its pioneers, in any event incidentally. During the vast majority of the twentieth Century, Zaire (at that point called The Republic of the Congo) was controlled by Joseph Dsir (Mobutu Sese Seko), a degenerate chief who held onto the force for about 30 years, until he was later toppled. The U.S. impact here was noticeable, in that the nation picked up autonomy from Belgium in the mid-1960s. After Zaire got this autonomy from Belgium, it encountered five years of political pandemonium. In 1965, armed force head of staff (Mobutu) got his capacity from an upset. For almost 32 years Mobutu ran a degenerate, undemocratic organization, moving his capacity in the official branch and preferring the individuals who were faithful to him. His gathering, the Popular Movement for the Revolution (MPR), turned into the main legitimate ideological group, and dissidents w ere dealt with. In May of 1997, the dissidents drove by Laurent Kabila won control back over the nation and ousted Mobutu. Kabila suspended the constitution and announced himself president. This shows none of the fair goals which the U.S. professed to have put upon its nations in international strategy. Be that as it may, Zaire was misruled by ... <!

Nebraska legislature advances new rules for payday loans - Inside Subprime 4

Nebraska legislature advances new rules for payday loans - Inside Subprime 4/13/18 Nebraska legislature advances new rules for payday loans Nebraska legislature advances new rules for payday loansInside Subprime: April 13, 2018By Kerry ReidOver a year after it was first proposed, a bill that would add regulations to payday loan operations in Nebraska has advanced â€" with significant changes  â€" in the Nebraska Legislature.Nebraska is the only state in the United States that has a unicameral state legislature. It is also officially nonpartisan, and with 49 members â€" all senators  â€" it is also the smallest state legislative body in the nation.  In January of 2017, Sen. Tony Vargas of Omaha introduced LB194, which was designed to change provisions of the states Credit Services Organization Act, Delayed Deposit Services Act and the Nebraska Installment Loan Act.On Friday, April 6, Vargas’ original language was replaced by an amendment from the Banking, Commerce and Insurance Committee, adopted in a vote of 47-0.This amended version requires full written notice to a borrower, including name of the borrower, transactio n date and amount, payment due date and total payment due and the total fees on the transaction, both in actual dollars and as the annual percentage rate, or APR.Also called a delayed deposit loan, payday loans typically  target  consumers with poor credit, who are caught in short-term cash flow problems. However, payday loan borrowers can find themselves caught in a  debt trap as interest rates and associated fees spiral upward and new loans are added to the total. In an article for the Omaha World-Herald published February 23, 2017, reporter Cole Epley recounted the problems of one such borrower. Nebraska resident Glenda Wood testified to the committee that an initial loan of $500 for new tires in 2006 ended up costing an estimated $10,000 by the time the cycle of borrowing (compounded by home repair and medical expenses) ended.With delayed deposit loans, a borrower submits a personal check for the loan amount, which is then held and cashed by the lender at the end of the loan per iod  â€" usually 34 days.The original bill from Vargas would have limited the interest charged on these loans to 36 percent, but that language was eliminated in the amended version,  though requirements that lenders avoid misleading advertising, such as promising to erase bad credit, did make it into the amended version.In an article posted by Nebraska.TV, Vargas said payday lenders in Nebraska currently charge more than 400 percent interest. He said of the amended bill “This doesn’t reform payday lending [as amended], but it increases the information and notifications regarding payday loans given to consumers.”Other requirements of the amended bill include limiting the total cost of a transaction to $500; allowing borrowers to rescind a transaction before the end of the next business day; and allowing the right to rescind authorization for electronic payments. Additionally, borrowers who are on active military duty or their spouses and dependents cannot be charged fees in exc ess of those allowed under federal law. Borrowers can also request an extended payment plan once in a 12-month period, and lenders must accept prepayment of a loan before the term without penalty.Opponents of the original legislation from the payday loan industry cautioned over a year ago, as reported by Epley, that increased restrictions could close operations in areas where consumers depend on these loans for short-term emergency needs. Brad Hill of the Nebraska Financial Services Association noted that after regulatory legislation passed in Colorado in 2010, two-thirds of the storefront payday loan operations went out of business.The bill now awaits a final vote from the Nebraska Legislature. There have been no reports on where Nebraska Governor Pete Ricketts, a Republican, stands on the amended bill.To learn more about short-term subprime loans, check out these related pages and articles from OppLoans:Bad Credit Loans: A Dangerous GameWhy No Credit Check Loans  Are a RiskEveryth ing You Need to Know About a Cash AdvanceVisit OppLoans on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIn

Different Gait Abnormalities - 1906 Words

Initially survey of many patients with different gait abnormalities was done by which we found that there were different types of gaits. The patients were affected in different parts of the body and were a part of gait analysis known by different names. The present and the existing devices were also studied and was found that these devices provided analog output. Analog signals had distortion which creates a loss of signals and it is able to recover the attenuated signals. These were the disadvantages which were taken as the objectives of the project. Hence, we decided to go for a digital output to provide accurately and quantify the output. The existing way of treating the patients was very costly and the results need to the processed by using video camera etc. The cost of the device was high which was not affordable by all people. Hence, there was a need to develop the portable device which helps in measuring gait parameters by digital sensors and provide assistance in taking the v alue of these parameters and helps the doctors to treat the patients. A. Block Diagram of Gait analysis Fig.3: Block diagram of shoe integrated gait analysis using IOT. Fig.3 shows the overall work that is done in this project. The sensors are used to measure gait parameters. The ultrasonic sensor is used to measure the distance between 2 steps. Flex sensor is a resistive sensor used to measure foot angle and micro switch measures step count.Show MoreRelatedMuscular Contributions And Hip And Knee Extension During The Single Limb Stance Phase Of Normal Gait1981 Words   |  8 PagesThe article â€Å"Muscular contributions to hip and knee extension during the single limb stance phase of normal gait: a Theoretical Framework for Crouch Gait† by Allison Arnold, Frank Anderson, Marcus Pandy, and Scott Delp investigates the biomechanics of normal gait in hopes to uncover ideas to help determine treatments for crouch gait. Crouch gait is a bothersome abnormality that affects the gait pattern of people who suffer from the condition of cerebral palsy. It’s characterized by excessive flexionRead MoreA Brief Note On Children With Down s Syndrome1627 Words   |  7 Pagesone of the chromosomes may be missing or an extra copy of a chromosome forms. When this happens, it results in a multitude of genetic abnormalities. These abnormalities are classified as syndromes. (ndds.org/DownsSyndrome, 2016) Downs Syndrome (Trisomy 21) is a genetic disorder caused by a third copy of chromosome 21. (Park 625 – 627, 2014) There are three different types of Down’s Syndrome; Trisomy 21, the most common form of Down’s Syndrome, where an extra copy of chromosome 21 exists in every cellRead MoreA Wide Array Of Risk Factors For Risk Among Older Client With Type 2 Diabetes936 Words   |  4 Pagesof medications, poorer walking performance, and reduced cognitive function, are mediators of falls in diabetics. Since peripheral neuropathy is seen in most diabetic client this may exhibit greater postural sway in standing or a slower than average gait velocity, and it could lead to fall. Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a risk factor for falls in diabetic client, and interventions to decrease the severity and frequency of OH significantly reduce the incidence of falls. Some client with diabetes hasRead MoreA Research Study On Hernia Operations Essay1749 Words   |  7 PagesDesarda group. Unlike the trial performed by Szopinski et al, (16) we had no generalized weakness of the newly reconstructed posterior wall of the inguinal canal mostly due to exclusion of patients with weak, stretched or thin EOA. The influence of different surgical techniques on chronic groin pain after hernia surgery remains unclear. The cause of such pain is still obscure; however, several risk factors have been identified, such as recurrence, patient’s age and resection of the cremasteric muscleRead MoreThe Health Impacts And Costs Of Falling On Older Adults1416 Words   |  6 PagesFalls are the most frequent and devastating accidents in older adult (WHO, 2004). There are different interpretations related to falls. For instance, according to healthcare professions fall is an event leading to ill health and injuries, whereas older adults define it as a loss of balance (Zecevic et al., 2006). Approximately, 28% to 35% older adults age 65 years and older fall each year (WHO, 2007). Around 85% of these falls occurs in the home among older adults living independently (TideiksaarRead MoreEvaluation Of An Initial Assessment952 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelopment of several chronic diseases and secondary he alth conditions. Gait, Balance and Functional Mobility: †¢ Timed Up and Go, assesses client’s functional ability and can also provide information regarding gait pattern. †¢ Balance Assessment, double leg stance and progress to single leg stance. †¢ Mobility Assessment (Community Balance and Mobility Scale). †¢ Independence in gait and the presence of any gait abnormalities and differences between the (L) and (R) side. †¢ Stair test. Active RangeRead MoreRickets : Causes And Effects866 Words   |  4 Pagesreportable disease in the United States. There are different types of Rickets. Nutritional which is caused by an inadequate sunlight exposure or inadequate intake of vitamin D, calcium or phosphorus. It is uncommon in the United States, however, it can still occur, especially if the infant is breast fed, is dark skinned or has limited sunlight exposure. It usually presents itself within the first two years of life with short stature, gait abnormality, and developmental delay. Infants younger than sixRead More Patalogy of the Central Nevrvous System: Multiple Sclerosis1213 Words   |  5 Pagesof those with the disease there are oligodronal bands on electroporesis. Of these exams MRI testing is the most specific and sensitive, because it allows visualization of MS lesions. Other symptoms that can be assessed are slurred speech, abnormal gait, intention tremor, and paroxysmal paralysis. Finally, decreased ve locity conduction of visual and auditory somatosensory pathways can aid in the diagnosing of MS (pp. 397- 398). Treatments Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that hasRead MoreThe Parkinson s Disease ( Pd )1058 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The Parkinson s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer s disease (Lang and Lozano, 1998). It affects about 1% of the population with different ethnic backgrounds throughout the world over the age of 65 (Tanner and Goldman, 1996). The aetiology of Parkinson s disease is not well understood; however, genetic and environmental factors are thought to play a role (Checkoway and Nelson, 1999). Pathologically, PD is characterised by mitochondrialRead MoreParkinson s No Longer Happens But Is Inherited1181 Words   |  5 PagesIntracellular inclusions, Lewy bodies, and dopaminergic neuronal loss effect Parkinson’s disease. In 5–10% of Parkinson’s cases, they are familial and transmitted in either an autosomal-dominant or an autosomal-recessive fashion. (Gandhi, 2010) Mutations, Abnormalities, and Effects. Genes such as PARK2, PARK, PARK7 and PARK9, are the mutated genes that cause the development of autosomal-recessive Parkinson’s. The name given to distinguish between the recessive, dominant, and idiopathic forms is Juvenile Parkinson’s

Six Key Priorities for Execution of Deliberate Innovation - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1989 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Narrative essay Level High school Did you like this example? INTRODUCTION Every business has its own priorities depending upon its size means whether it is a small scale business or a large scale business. The resources they have, made them realize what their strengths are and what are their weaknesses. Below are the six key priorities, I consider, for execution of the deliberate innovation for small scale business. (14 Most important Innovation factors, 2009) Project definition and Visioning: When we begin any project, we utilize the procedure of visioning to evaluating what we need accomplishment to look like and to get it going. Without visioning, ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s not difficult to be dragged around weights and issues, however with it we are lifted to a more positive vitality. An efficient visioning must be inspirational, deliberately sound, documented and effectively communicated It is very much important that it is very much clear from the beginning that what we are going to do, how it will change the things and what will be the final impact. Why we need visioning: A clear visioning is required. An image of the win of a plan or an assignment at a specific time in the future should be very clear. It is not strategic planning which tells us where to go. Visioning here actually is the real destination. A clear visioning is a vibrant explanation of what à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“achievement or successà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  looks like and how it feels to us. It includes from the development of the product and its functions, product design, quality, functions, and its price and profit ratio to its marketing. Productà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s technical specification and technological knowledge is also included. Vision further follows by problem solving techniques is a significant skill for business or personal life. Decision making is an integral part of problem solving which a leader or business man has to consider while visioning his goal. (Weinzweig, 2008) Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Six Key Priorities for Execution of Deliberate Innovation" essay for you Create order Market Segmentation and Targeting: Market Segmentation includes gathering your different customers into portions that have basic needs or will react comparatively to a showcasing activity. Each one fragment will react to an alternate advertising blend methodology, with each one offering exchange development and benefit opportunities. Some diverse ways you can fragment your business incorporate has below; Demographics which concentrates on the qualities of the client. For instance age, sex, salary section, instruction, employment and social foundation. Psychographics which alludes to the client bunchs way of life. For instance, their social class, way of life, identity, presumptions, and disposition. Conduct which is focused around client conduct. For instance, online customers, strip mall clients, brand inclination and former buys. Land area, for example, landmass, nation, state, region, city or provincial that the client gathering dwells. Target Marketing includes breaking a business sector into portions and after that focusing your advertising only on those set portions those can be served by your product. The excellence of target market is that it makes the marketing cost and distribution of the product and/or other marketing process easy and less expensive. It gives a center to the majority of your marketing part. In short it is the selection of group of customers to tap and aim to market their product. The best way to choose the target market is: (Sales, 2013) Market drill: It is necessary to find out what people are looking for. What kind of features, advantages they are expecting from a product. It can be done by conducting survey. Once you have the knowledge of what is the need of the customer now you can serve them better and move to next stage of your product development. Who else can be benefitted from our product: For example if we are in a food industry and launching takeaway which segment of the population can be benefitted e.g. students, working professionals who donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t have time to cook and rely on takeaways. Positioning of the product: It is the showcasing movement and methodology of distinguishing a business opportunity, and creating an answer focused around statistical surveying, division and supporting information. Positioning may allude the position a business has decided to do their advertising and business destinations. Positioning identifies with methodology, in the particular or strategic improvement eliminates of convey a target to accomplish a business or associations objectives, for example, expanding deals volume, brand distinguishment, or reach in promoting. In very simple words, positioning of the product is the decision of selecting the best possible way to launch the product in the target market. (Kriss, 2011) Product positioning essentials: Positioning puts the most significant impact on a customers purchasing choice. Positioning makes a product a brand and makes a perception in the minds of customers. Individuals dont effectively or eagerly alter their opinions around an items perception. Positioning must first exhibit an items importance, utilizing supportable, sound, and verifiable terms Making the item less demanding to purchase through successful positioning makes the item simpler to offer. For example: The launch of Green tea in India by Tetley. Background of the example: India has black tea drinking population and the re-launch of Green tea was a big risk as earlier Tetley a British beverage company whom itself no one knows in India proved to be flopped. But the way they positioned the green tea this time was a successful venture. To make the tea a brand they joined with Indiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s one of the most loved company à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Tataà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  and launched the tea naming it à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Tataà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Tetley Green Teaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Not only that to get more attention they took Bollywood actress Karina Kapoor as their brand ambassador. (Manve, 2014) Positioning further includes how we will market our product. Do we also hire a celebrity to launch our product as in our case we are small scale business and canà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t afford it. So what else we can do. Either we will advertise on television, radio or both or put posters, banners around the city say at public places like bus stations. The decisions are very much significant because it is very important that people must know our product exists and soon going to be launched in the market. The best example we can see is the Appleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s iPhone. They are best in the style, by making people curious about their new launch and make them buy even before they launch their product by pre-orders and bookings. Pre- Development and feasibility: Idea itself cost nothing but an idea in action off course. It is very important to check that our project is feasible. Feasible here means project can be accomplished in the terms of its operations either internal or external, in the terms of its finance, in the terms of its legality or any other way that need to consider accomplishing it. Further it is important to see what clients are looking for. What they are expecting from the innovation. The expectation of the stakeholders and entrepreneur itself are very important and plays a pivotal part in the success of the project. The entrepreneurial style of the entrepreneur, his determination, his own and his team commitment, creativity need to consider and prioritize. It can be further checked by looking in the past, if the same kind of plan or project anyone else has taken and executed. If yes, we can do a case study and best way is to answer the following questions by our own. Questions are; When and where it was taken and executed? What was the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s strength and weakness? What marketing strategies did they follow? Were they successful? Were they achieved what they actually wanted to achieve? What were the customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s reactions? Did they welcome the product? It is very important to learn from the past and anticipate in future. Competitors and Innovation: There is no other thought that competition results in innovation. Today is stiff competitive world. This increment in general collection and more centered achievement will make it more worrying for organizations of all sizes to hold clients who can change their suppliers with the click of a mouse. Its a combat of observation, center, and promoting. Entrepreneurs who expert these components and give an incredible client experience will win the deal. To make a customer happy and satisfied is no doubt is the every companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s goal but competition cannot be ignored at any point. Everyone is in the race to capture the market by their product portfolio. Products come and go depend upon the customer taste and respond to them and businesses continuously make changes to their existing product or come up with new products to retain the customers. We have oodles of examples of competition in the field of innovation. Letà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s talk about Apple and Samsung: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The 2 Horse Smart phone raceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Ramstad, 2012) Both the companies are facing cut throat completion from each other and known as war of technology giants. How these companies are continuously launching their new smart phones one after another with added features and new functions to tap the market. The latest innovative war is going between the recently launched Appleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s iPhone 6 and Samsung Galaxy S5. (Eadicicco, 2014) Culture: No matter how much efforts or cost you are putting in your innovation. No matter how superior the quality of your products. No matter how much different and multiple uses, features your product have. No matter, how much cost effective it is. If it is simply does not suits the culture of your market. It is also very much important to consider the culture while prioritizing your innovation drivers. Example: Failure of KFC in India before of cultural barriers Background: Everyone knows Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC). No doubt they have professionals with them. They have huge investment, strong strategies, business planning but what happened, why still they failed in India, was only and only the cultural factors. The very first Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) store was opened in Bangalore in the mid-1990s. The people were not aware of globalization. The very first hurdle was the locals protested about the brands itself and about the company to be a transnational origins. At the initial stage it was only the KFCs background which seems too foreign to the locals but the food itself. The chicken and the packaging they offered were too unfamiliar/foreign for Indian flavor. And unfortunately, in just few years, Yum brand has to close all of its KFC restaurants in India. They did not re-enter in the marked with their brand until 2004. The company has to be very conscious about th e culture of the locals and has to be market-savvy. After the research, they re-launched the brand but this time, they came up with a vegetarian menu that comprise of rice food, wraps and side vegetarian dishes. Not only that, they came up with eggless mayonnaise and other sauces. Even their brand name or trade mark dishes were totally given a new and local flavor by giving them a name on Indian spices and Indian cooking recipes. REFERENCE 14 Most important Innovation factors. (2009, August 8). Retrieved from https://www.business-strategy-innovation.com/2009/08/14-most-important-innovation-factors.html Definition: How you differentiate your product or service from that of your competitors and then determine which market niche to fill. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.entrepreneur.com/encyclopedia/positioning Eadicicco, L. (2014, October 5). How The iPhone 6 Compares To Its Biggest Android Rival, Samsungs Galaxy S5. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.com.au/ipho ne-6-samsung-galaxy-s5-specs-comparison-2014-10 Egan, M. (2014, October 8). iPhone 6 vs Galaxy S5 comparison: great build, great performance, great camera. And thats both handsets. Retrieved from https://www.macworld.co.uk/review/iphone/iphone-6-vs-galaxy-s5-comparison-review-3575868/ Kriss. (2011, May 2). Developing and Marketing Products. Retrieved from https://krissmack.blogspot.co.nz/ Manve, V. (2014, January 21). Tata beverages re-launches Tetley green tea with Kareena Kapoor as ambassador. Retrieved from https://www.dnaindia.com/money/report-tata-beverages-re-launches-tetley-green-tea-with-kareena-kapoor-as-ambassador-1954706 Ramstad, E. (2012, April 24). Retrieved from https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303978104577362140799316460 Sales, G. (2013, July 24). How Identify Your Ecommerce Target Market. Retrieved from https://www.vpasp.com/blog/How-Identify-Your-Ecommerce-Target-Market/ Weinzweig, A. (2008, September). Why and how visioning wor ks. Retrieved from https://www.zingtrain.com/node/84

Literary Figures Of The 20th Century - 1295 Words

Macayla Jefferis Williams Writing 301 29 September 2015 Sherlock Holmes Sir Arthur Conan Doyle is not the most well-known author, but his characters are perhaps some of the most iconic literary figures of the nineteenth century. Sherlock Holmes, Doctor Watson, Professor Moriarty, and even Mrs. Hudson are all familiar to readers and non-readers world-wide. Over the course of his career, Conan Doyle published more than 50 short stories and novels about the brilliant detective Sherlock Holmes and his friend Doctor John Watson. Holmes’s popularity was so great that, after killing him in a desire to move forward with other projects, Conan Doyle was forced by distraught fans, including his own mother, to resurrect the character. Holmes’s fame has continued to grow, particularly due to the variety of adaptions to the stage, film, and other mediums. Organizations such as the Baker Street Irregulars, the Conan Doyle Literary Estate, and numerous Sherlock Holmes Societies are comprised of book lovers who adore Conan Doyleâ€℠¢s particular brand of detective fiction, from casual readers to devoted scholars. Together, these readers have worked to to analyze his works, share ideas, and apply Holmes to the real world. Like all literature, the Holmes stories are open to interpretation and analysis. Readers of all levels of scholarship and devotion have poured countless hours into examining every last detail in hopes of finding some new detail or something to unlock an additionalShow MoreRelatedThe Lewis s Place As A Twentieth Century Writer1286 Words   |  6 PagesTwentieth-Century Writer During the 100 years between the year 1901 and the year 2000 C.S Lewis was not only able to inspire the Christians of his time, but he was able to cause social change by addressing the issues of his time through literature. As seen in many of his works, such as The Abolition of Man, The Problem of Pain, and, The Chronicles of Narnia, Lewis used to the influence he had over his readers to advocate for the important problems with society during the 20th century. This includedRead MoreSummary : Professional Accomplishments Essay1637 Words   |  7 PagesSaramago. Thesis supervisor: dr. hab. BogusÅ‚aw Bednarek, University of WrocÅ‚aw. 1996-2001 – Doctoral Studies, Programme in Bibliology, Linguistics and Literary Science, University of WrocÅ‚aw, initially in the Culture Theory Research Unit, under the academic auspices of prof. dr. hab. Jerzy JastrzÄ™bski; from the second academic year – in the Literary Theory Research Unit. 2002 – PhD (doktor) in the humanities, based on the thesis: Gnosis and Literature. Motifs, threads, interpretative models. DoctoralRead MoreSympathy And Empathy For The Murderer954 Words   |  4 PagesWright depicts his community’s suffering, poverty and denial of rightful recognition in his works. Wright’s Native Son not only represents history with sociopolitical factors, but also has excellent literary value. Firstly, Wright incredibly reveals how African Americans’ lives were and how 20th century America society affected them. The main character, Bigger Thomas, signifies African American’s circumstances and his revolt against the discriminations of the white society.  He lives in a dingy apartmentRead MoreRomanticism : Romanticism And Romanticism1141 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout history, there have been many literary movements. Although Romanticism and Modernism differ in their styles, values, and ideology, they were both important periods in literature. Romanticism was a literary movement during the late 18th century until the early 19th century that had an emphasis on the imagination and emotions. The movement moved through every country in Europe, Latin America, and the United States from approximately 1750 to 1870. However, France did not see the movementRead MoreThe Vampire in Folklore vs the Vampire in Literature1139 Words   |  5 Pagescivilization to, Bram Stocker’s literary vampire; where the vampire had become the heroic figure and had to be blamed for all the victims that had past. Both of these are based on the Penguin English definition of a vampire but how is it that the vampire today has changed so drastically from the one people feared in legends and folklore. One can say that the vampire in literature has mainly influenced the vampire we see today in movies. The vampire seen in movies of the 20th century differs from the vampireRead MoreFigurative Language And The Language1305 Words   |  6 PagesThus, the re are different types of linguistic phenomena, one of which is figurative language. It is a person’s way to saturate the mind with profound thoughts centered around its meaning. It has an interesting background, covers a wide array of literary devices, is applied within different types of writing, and people employ these devices within their daily language. Figurative language is a constructive way to communicate ideas using expressions, unlike its opposite idea which is literal interpretationsRead MoreExistentialism And The Beliefs Of The Movement1454 Words   |  6 Pagesthe individual person as a free and responsible agent determining their own development through acts of the will and how it shifted a culture. Existentialism is a philosophical idea within ethics that was developed in the 19th century and progressed heavily into the 20th century. Some basic foundational ideas of existentialism are found in early Buddhist and Christian writings, which may have been the starting point for the movement. Also, like existentialism’s previous philosophical ideas that cameRead MoreAnalysis of The Escape865 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of the story â€Å"The Escape† by W.S. Maugham William Somerset Maugham is one of the best known English writers of the 20th century. He was not only a novelist, but also a one of the most successful dramatist and short-story writers. Maugham wants the readers to draw their own conclusion about the characters and events described in his novels. His reputation as a novelist is based on the following prominent books: â€Å"Of Human Bondage†; â€Å"The Moon and Sixpence†; and â€Å"The Razors Edge†. ThoughRead MoreEssay on Contrasting Yeats’ Second Coming and Shelleys Ozymandias634 Words   |  3 PagesOzymandias      Ã‚   William Butler Yeats specialized in the early Modernists style of literature.   Coming just out of the Late Victorian age, Yeats used strong literary and historic elements in literary form to evoke his symbolic message in The Second Coming.   Through the use of his theme of the new Apocalypse, (lecture notes on Early 20th Century Modernism) he imagined the world was coming into a state of unsurity from the post-WWI Modernist experience.   The war left people in a state of chaos, andRead MoreThe Movements of the 20th Century Culture Essay1170 Words   |  5 Pagesthe most important events that occurred in the 20th century? A century that was full of many innovations; most importantly, these events made a tremendous impact in our lives as of today. The 20th century contributed an abundance of improvements to our culture. In addition, the progressions of the advancement helped society lives to better, such as the industrialization, the remarkable inventions that made our lives easier. Nevertheless, the 20th century presented a copious amount of remarkable artists

Source of Learning and Development †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Source of Learning and Development. Answer: Introduction: Learning is one of the most important aspects that a large number of individuals fully reveal the value of. Parents and many advisors express to young individuals the importance of learning, since when they are young as they intent to ensure that they grow understanding the importance of education. A major challenge that many individuals face in the process for their learning is the learning experience issues. When the learning experience is defines as good, people have more need and will to learn more an aspect that makes them even more effective in their learning experience and the will to develop their understanding of different academic topics. This aspect is similar even for the case of the higher learning institutions where an individuals learning experience defines their willingness to learn more and improve their studies appropriately. Evaluate the effectiveness and your usefulness of the learning experience The learning experience simply refers to any time that an individual manage to learn in his or her learning experiences. In any setting where learning takes place, therefore, learning experience is included. It is simply the feel that an individual has when he or she is learning. An individual experiences a good learning experience or a bad one depending on the setting of learning and his or her willingness to learn. From my opinion, learning experience is in most cases good when individuals are willing to learn and have the motivation that they need to learn in a much better way. With this regard, therefore, the first and most important aspect of learning that all students should seek as they aim to improve their learning experience is the motivation to learn. When an individual is highly motivated to involve in any activity in their lives, he or she enjoys involving in that activity. With this regard, therefore, individuals that are highly motivated to learn have the best learning experience. The motivation to involve in learning defines the learning experience that an individual will experience in all his learning activities (Feuerstein, Klein, Tannenbaum, 1994). Learning experience is of significant importance to all individuals. A large number of individuals study for a significantly long period in their lives. Calculating the minimum age of an individual who has managed to attain the higher learning institution qualifications like a bachelors degree for example, 20 years is among the least age groups that majority have. For such an individual, he or she began studies when only about seven to eight years old and proceeds on with learning until the age of twenty. A minimum of twelve learning is years is thus the number of years that such a student would have to spend before completing school. When the learning experience has been bad for such an individual all along, it would imply that he or she has had twelve years of stress and straining in studies, mostly because his or her learning experience is bad. In many cases, individuals that experience learning experience issues have problems managing to complete studies successfully and performi ng well, since they are less motivated to involve in school work and remain completely motivated in the work that they involve in (Bryman, Bell, 2015). The learning experience will be of significant use to me, since it is likely to determine my motivation and will to continue with my studies even after completing the current course. When an individual enjoys involving in an activity, he or she feels the need to continue with that activity even after completing its first phase. The learning experience will help me determine whether I will continue with my studies for other programs after I complete my current program or not. The current learning experience will also help me attain a clear understanding of all the concepts that are taught in class and those that I require to carry out my personal research in an effective manner. With this regard, the learning experience will be of significant benefit to me, since it will help me manage to become completely qualified and skilled in the areas under study (Kolb, 2014). Describe objectively what happened in the learning process In the learning process, I managed to obtain significant skills and knowledge about the topic under study. The process began in the initial stages of the introduction of the topic and proceeded on to the stages of research and discussions about the topic with my peers. Throughout each one of these stages, I managed to obtain new and more knowledge about the topic under study, an aspect that emerged to be highly beneficial to my understanding of the content and its importance. With this regard, therefore, the learning experience is the reason why I have attained skills and managed to understand all the aspects of the topic at hand. Research is another important aspect of this process that was significantly beneficial to my understanding and my learning of the topics required. Through research, I managed to understand even more concepts than what was required in the course, mostly because in it, I managed to obtain literal sources that were describing concepts that were slightly different than what was required in the course. This information increased my understanding and knowledge and also helped me understand the topic under study in a much better way (Mehrotra, Wagner, Fried, 2009). Evaluate what you learn The business research learning process was one major topic of my learning experience that was significantly beneficial and appropriate in the learning process. I regard the topic of business research as highly useful and appropriate because currently, individuals utilize the skills that they learn in school in business organizations either as employees or as the owners of the business. The topic is therefore highly motivating to learn more and understand about businesses and the means through which they operate in an appropriate manner to maintain profitability and effectiveness, since this knowledge will be significantly beneficial after completing the course. People prefer to invest their skills and capabilities after school in business organizations because in these organizations, their efforts are rewarded by the profits that business organizations obtain. The research in this topic and the learning experience, therefore helped me attain more information of the world of business and how it operates (Collis, Hussey, 2014). The aspect of having the research under study being business research was highly motivating and thus it encouraged me to ensure that I carried out a thorough research study with all the steps of carrying out research being fully followed. Due to this reason, therefore, I did not only learn about the topic under study but also increased my research process skills in the process. Since I ensured that I would carry out research in the most appropriate way, I learned every aspect of research that an individual requires to learn. This aspect is highly beneficial, since currently, I can manage to carry out any other research study appropriately with similar steps that I used to research on the business research topic and still manage to obtain sufficient knowledge and understanding on the topic under study. My learning process is completely defined by the learning motivation that I have. When I am fully motivated to learn on any topic, I ensure that I cover all aspects of the topic deeply to enhance my understanding of the same. In a case where I am studying a topic that I am not completely motivated to study, I ensure that I cover all the important details of the topic which will help me understand what is required depending on the level of study that I am in. I however do not put the extra effort to learn more about the topic regarding the other aspects that I am not required to learn. I therefore ensure that for the topics that I am not very much motivated to learn, I only put sufficient efforts to learn what is required but for the topics that I am completely willing to learn more about, I ensure that I learn even more than what was required to enhance my understand. Explain Plan how this learning you will applied The learning that I obtained from the business research topic is of significant importance to me. Through it, I obtained sufficient knowledge and understanding of different aspects regarding business operations and the means through which these aspects can be applied in business settings to ensure that individuals manage to retain high levels of effectiveness in their operations. I also clarified many business issues and processes by the knowledge that I obtained in the learning, and thus I increased my confidence in operating effectively in the business world. With this knowledge, I am now able to offer effective skills and services to businesses and also have the potential to start my own business organization in future and make it completely profitable. The learning that I obtained from this research and other learning experiences will therefore help me manage to secure myself a well-paying job in future, or begin a profit making venture that will help me manage to remain complete ly effective in the activities that I will be involving in effectively (Jankowicz, 1995). References Bryman, A. Bell, E. 2015.Business research methods. Cambridge, United Kingdom New York, NY, United States of America: Oxford University Press. Collis, J. Hussey, R. 2014.Business research : a practical guide for undergraduate and postgraduate students. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Feuerstein, R., Klein, P. Tannenbaum, A. 1994.Mediated learning experience (MLE) : theoretical, psychosocial and learning implications. London: Freund Pub. House. Jankowicz, A. 1995.Business research projects. London New York: Chapman Hall. Kolb, D. 2014.Experiential learning : experience as the source of learning and development. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc. Mehrotra, C., Wagner, L. Fried, S. 2009.Aging and diversity : an active learning experience. New York: Routledge.

THe Giver report2 Essay Example For Students

THe Giver report2 Essay In a community that is all the same lives a boy named Jonas,who discovers he is very different. Jonas is the main character in this book called The Giver. The theme of this book called The Giver is clearly represented by freedom, the right to make your own choices, uniqueness, and individuality are worth dying for. In Jonass community, a commitee selects ones job, war is unheard of, all people wear the same attire, and all are assigned spouses and familes. When Jonas is given the special, wonder-filled occupation of becoming the Receiver of Memory, he finds that there is much more to life. We will write a custom essay on THe Giver report2 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Through his task of becoming the Receiver of Memory, he discovers the meaning of love, pain, frustration, color, and cold. That is when Jonas realizes how much more there really is. Life soon becomes overwhelming unbearable in his world of sameness. He finds life isnt worth living without the qualities (often that we take for granted) he discovered. That is when Jonas goes on a dangerous journey to find a land that is different. Why would you be attracted to a controlled community like Jonass where efficiency is the order of the day? Maybe,if you try you might be able to change the community the way you want it to be, then its going to turn out to be your benefit. These are 5 examples to describe sameness in the community. 1. a commitee selects ones job. 2. war is unheard of. 3. all people wear the same attire. 4. all are assigned spouses. 5. all are assigned familes. The Giver desires a change in sameness because she is uncomfortable about his communitys way of living such as this event for instant Jonas stood for a moment beside his bike, startled. It had happened again: the thing that he thought of now as seeing beyond.This time it had undergone that fleeting indescribable change. As he looked up and toward her going through the door, it happened; she changed. Actually, Jonas thought, trying to recreate it in his mind, it wasnt Fiona in her entirety. It seemed to be just her hair. And just for that flickering instant. He ran through it in his mind. It was clearly beginning to happen more often. First, the apple a few weeks before. The next time had been the faces in the audience at the Auditorium, just two days ago. Now, today, Fionas hair. Bibliography: In a community that is all the same lives a boy named Jonas,who discovers he is very different. Jonas is the main character in this book called The Giver. The theme of this book called The Giver is clearly represented by freedom, the right to make your own choices, uniqueness, and individuality are worth dying for. In Jonass community, a commitee selects ones job, war is unheard of, all people wear the same attire, and all are assigned spouses and familes. When Jonas is given the special, wonder-filled occupation of becoming the Receiver of Memory, he finds that there is much more to life. Through his task of becoming the Receiver of Memory, he discovers the meaning of love, pain, frustration, color, and cold. That is when Jonas realizes how much more there really is. Life soon becomes overwhelming unbearable in his world of sameness. He finds life isnt worth living without the qualities (often that we take for granted) he discovered. That is when Jonas goes on a dangerous journey to find a land that is different. Why would you be attracted to a controlled community like Jonass where efficiency is the order of the day? Maybe,if you try you might be able to change the community the way you want it to be, then its going to turn out to be your benefit. .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74 , .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74 .postImageUrl , .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74 , .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74:hover , .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74:visited , .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74:active { border:0!important; } .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74:active , .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74 .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u35abd21fe73886e68e1b03e7c95b0c74:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Voting in society Essay These are 5 examples to describe sameness in the community. 1. a commitee selects ones job. 2. war is unheard of. 3. all people wear the same attire. 4. all are assigned spouses. 5. all are assigned familes. The Giver desires a change in sameness because she is uncomfortable about his communitys way of living such as this event for instant Jonas stood for a moment beside his .

history4 essays

history4 essays Africa is the world's second-largest continent, the biggest after Asia. It is more than three times the size of the U. States. It also contains more independent nations than any other continent on Earth-55 in all. Africa is centrally located on the Earth's surface. It straddles the Equator, extending for thousands of miles north and sough of that line. The continent stands between two major oceans. To the west is the Atlantic Ocean and to the east lies the Indian Ocean. The Mediterranean Sea in the north and the Red Sea in the I have 10 different opion on the most common stereotypes about Africa. For the Climate of Africa they said it is hot and dry, for most vegetation they said grassy lands, for most common animal in Africa people said monkeys, African common skin color black, Africans do for living they said herding and farming, types of family Africans live in extended, most common religion in Africa are catholic, common language spoken in Africa is English, civilization white people, government of African countries are democratic, and the biggest problem in Africa today is hunger. These are the results of my CLIMATE: Because of its size, almost every type of climate and vegetation can be found in Africa. The largest climate zone in Africa is the tropical climate with a wet and dry season. The savanna, a grassland, occupied this region, which covers almost half the continent. Like the tropical rain forest, the tropical savanna region is warm all year. In the summer, or rainy season, the climate is hot and wet. In winter it is warm, with little POPULATION: Today the population of Africa is approaching 680 million and is growing rapidly. Population growth has created problems in the drier parts of the savanna. During times of plentiful rainfall, people seeking land move into these semiarid ...

Comparison between Prisons and Jails Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Comparison between Prisons and Jails - Essay Example That having been said, the question that one may ask is what are these differences? The purpose of this paper is to compare jails and prisons in the US. Hall (2010) notes that the comparison of jails and prisons should begin at the point of definition. As such, Hall defines a jail as a place for confinement of persons in lawful detention. Prisons, on the other hand, refer to a place where individuals already convicted of the offense are confined. From the definitions, it is apparent that jails are mainly meant to hold offenders pending their transportation to prison units, whereas prisons mainly house already convicted offenders who are serving their terms. The other difference noted is that jails operate mainly under the local jurisdictions while prisons are administered by the state. It is also notable that jails, unlike prisons are designed for short term periods only. Due to this reason, jails tend to have less social amenities than prisons. Offenders being housed in a jail have access to less amenities such as food, water, and bathrooms, and in a low security jail, these individuals may be allowed to socialize freely in common areas at sometimes during the day. However, this is highly restricted in prisons depending on the type of prison in which one is held. For instance, in maximum security cells, convicts have no such freedom to socialize freely in a common area since they are considered a threat to others (Beck and Harison, 2005). Findings also show that most jails are designed to house very few numbers of criminals and have relatively lax security in comparison to prisons where security is very tight. However, areas that are prone to violence are always administered under very strict security lines (Hall, 2010). Two types of jails found in the US are podular/direct supervision jails and the regional jails. Podular/direct supervision jails (New Generation Jails) are a type of jail used mainly to house inmates in pods or units centered on a multipurpose space. This type of jail operates on the principle that, consistent, direct supervision of prisoners can curb negative behaviors. The regional jails, on the other hand, are facilities operated together by two or more jurisdictions, and which is composed of prisoners drawn from those jurisdictions as noted by Christensen (2006). It is, however, noted that regional jails may sometimes be the only imprisonment facility in a given jurisdiction while, in others, jurisdiction may have its own jail as well as be at liberty to send some inmates to a regional facility. These jails form an integral part of the legal justice system in the US. Report reveals that there are approximately 3,300 jails in the US, which houses more than two million inmates in the country. These jails play an important role in holding offenders as they wait to be transported and brought before courts for trials. It also ensures that those who are denied bails while still undergoing trial are housed within reach of t he administrators of justice. Above all, jails act as correctional facility, which is indispensable for the criminal justice system. Prisons, on the other hand, are administered by the state and have much more extensive amenities since some prisoners may be put under a life sentence behind bars. Prisons also have access areas, church facilities and common areas for socializing and eating as well as educational facilities including classrooms, libraries and laboratories, where inmates can work and study

Business Management - Corporate Social Responsibility at IKEA Essay

Business Management - Corporate Social Responsibility at IKEA - Essay Example This is the great social welfare of the society.As one of Ikea’s executive says about Kamprad â€Å"He focuses on the human. What motivates Ingvar Kamprad is not profit alone but improving the quality of life of people†. The company has demonstrated this through a supply of products which have global acceptance as they fit the diverse socio-cultural aspects of any market segment in the various countries of operation. Kamprad who is the founder of the firm takes personal initiative to meet employees and clients face to face before holding a participatory decision meeting with the management. This Ikea’s customer-focused products requires the complete involvement of the staff, suppliers, and other stakeholders and this explains its centralized management and a well-coordinated international marketing and franchised entities under its name. The interest of the society is taken into consideration by the company from its evident global appeal and its founder’s less bureaucracy style of leadership for efficiency and quality. The increasing call for social responsibility of Ikea in terms of environmental care has seen it reorganize its management strategy and overall objective. There are several complaints brought against the global operation of Ikea and of central concern is the child labor which some of its subsidiaries in India are involved in. The international trade regulations and the general expectation of the society are to keep children out of labor. It is therefore evident that the child labor case in India which is an associate of Ikea significantly tainted its reputation and overall sales revenue. This is an act perceived as exploitation and its effect on the company’s image has considerable drawbacks in its market performance (Coombs & Holladay, 2012, pg63).  

Scotland Child Committee Purpose Social Work Essay

Scotland Child Committee Purpose Social Work Essay The North East of Scotland Child Protection Committee (NESCPC) has produced this Risk Assessment Framework in response to an identified need for a Pan Grampian approach. This framework is for use by all agencies located within Aberdeen City, Aberdeenshire and Moray with the aim of ensuring that there is a consistency of understanding and approach to risk assessment across all sectors. The framework is written with the additional understanding that all practitioners have a responsibility to ensure that they are familiar with and follow their own organisations child protection procedures. These should all link to the overarching NESCPC Guidelines and give advice on who to contact, how to take immediate action and how concerns should be recorded. Background Several models of Risk Assessment exist but are not used in a systematic way because they are not thought to be comprehensive enough to be used in all situations (Scottish Government: Effective Approach to Risk Assessment in Social Work: an international literature review (2007). To enable greater consistency and conformity across Scotland, the Scottish Executive (2005) proposed a programme of change: Getting it Right For Every Child, incorporating the development work undertaken on an Integrated Assessment Planning and Recording Framework (IAF). This is based on requirements to gain a thorough understanding of: the developmental needs of a child the capacity of a parent/carer to respond appropriately to those needs the impact of the wider family and wider environmental factors on parenting capacity and on the childs needs This Framework emphasises the need to treat assessment as a process rather than an event. In evaluating the assessment and planning a response, practitioners are expected to consider the totality of the childs development and any unmet needs rather than focusing too narrowly on a need for protection. This approach should make sure that: Children get the help they need when they need it; Help is appropriate, proportionate and timely; Agencies work together to ensure a co-ordinated and unified response to meeting the childs needs; The plan is used to put in place arrangements to manage risk and to co-ordinate help for the child or young person; The plan is based on assessment and analysis of the childs world, including the risks, needs and resilience factors. What is Risk Assessment? Risk Assessment is a frequently used term without practitioners always being clear about what is meant. Risk assessment is merely the description of good methodical practice to risky situations (Jones, 1998). Risk Assessment is a critical element of the integrated assessment process pulling together, as it does the identified strengths within a family as well as those areas of concern or risk that need to be addressed. It is a complex, continuous and dynamic process, which involves the gathering and weighting of relevant information to help make decisions about the family strengths, needs and associated risks and plan for necessary interventions. Good systematic assessment confirms what may have happened, how this may affect the immediate and future safety of the child or young person, places this in context and informs what needs to be done. Risk assessments can also be used to predict the escalation of the presenting behaviour as well as the individuals motivation for change. Assessing risk is not an exact science; prediction involves probability and thus some errors are inevitable. Basic Principles when assessing risk. The welfare of the child is paramount. Risk assessment should be based on sound evidence and analysis Risk assessment tools should inform rather than replace professional judgement All professionals involved in risk assessment should have a common language of risk and common understanding of information sharing to inform assessment Risk assessment is influenced by professionals own personal and professional values, experiences, skills and knowledge The judgement and experience of practitioners needs to be transparent in assessment No tool, procedure or framework can adequately account for and predict human behaviour Effective communication and information sharing is crucial to protecting children Children, young people and family views should be sought, listened to and recorded with clear evidence of their involvement in decision making where possible. A good risk assessment process should elicit and highlight both commonalities and differences in professional and family perspectives Good risk assessment requires the best possible working relationship between worker and family members All staff must always be alert and aware to situations where children may be at risk and address any potential concerns through their own agencys child protection policy / NESCPC child protection guidance. Risk Assessment Framework This framework is adapted from the work undertaken by Jane Aldgate and Wendy Ross (A Systematic Practice Model for Assessing and Managing Risk, 2007) and is structured in 9 different stages: Using the SHANNARI well-being indicators (Safe, Well, Active, Nurtured, Achieving, Respected, Responsible and Included). 2. Getting the child and familys perspectives on risk. Drawing on evidence from research and development literature about the level of risk and its likely impact on any individual child. 4. Assessing the likely recurrence of harm. 5. Looking at immediate and long-term risks in the context of My World triangle. Using the Resilience Matrix to analyse the risks, strengths, protective factors and vulnerabilities. 7. Weighing the balance of that evidence and making decisions. 8. Constructing a plan and taking appropriate action. 9. Management of Risk 1. Using the SHANARRI well-being indicators: The Scottish Executive (2004) agreed a vision for Scotlands Children. They should be: Safe Healthy Active Nurtured Achieving Respected Responsible Included Using these SHANARRI indicators, professionals consider the childs holistic needs. In any assessment professionals should ask themselves the following key questions: What is getting in the way of this child being safe, healthy, active, nurtured, achieving, respected, responsible and included? Why do I think that this child is not safe? What have I observed, heard, or identified from the childs history that causes concern? Are there factors that indicate risk of significant harm present and is the severity of factors enough to warrant immediate action? What can I do? What can my agency do? Do I need to share / gather information to construct a plan to protect this child? What additional help may I find from other agencies? 2. Getting the child and familys perspectives on the risk. The involvement and partnership with children, young people and their families is integral and essential to successful risk assessment and management. Information is incomplete and a good understanding of the risks of harm and needs of the children cannot be reached without families perspectives on the risks to their childrens difficulties. An open and transparent approach that actively involves all involved, including the children and families is of clear benefit in that: Children, young people and families can understand why sharing information with professionals is necessary; Children and families can help practitioners distinguish what information is significant; Everyone who needs to can take part in making decisions about how to help a child; Everyone contributes to finding out whether a plan has made a positive difference to a child or family; Professionals behave ethically towards families; Even in cases where compulsory action is necessary, research has shown better outcomes for children by working collaboratively with parents. 3. Drawing on evidence from research and developmental literature about the level of risk and its likely impact on any individual child. Risks need to be seen in the wider context of short and long term risks to childrens wellbeing and development. Core factors can be identified in relation to abuse or neglect but these should not be used as predictors for current and future abuse without being considered in the context of the childs own nature and environment. In all cases of child abuse, parenting capacity should also be considered and this involves taking account of historical information as well as assessing the here and now. Protective factors need to be weighed up against risk factors and vulnerability to determine the level of risk to the individual child or young person and the likelihood of future harm. The factors should be used as a knowledge base to underpin more detailed assessments of strengths and pressures based on the My World triangle. (See Section 5). Factors to be considered: (This list is not complete but is a general guide). Adapted from City of Edinburgh Risk Taking Policy and Guidance (2004). Consideration of significant harm (link to Safety Threshold considerations, Section 3 NESCPC guidelines for further explanation); Current injury/harm is severe: the more severe an injury, the greater the impairment for the child/young person and the greater the likelihood of reoccurrence; Pattern of harm is escalating: if harm has been increasing in severity and frequency over time, it is more likely that without effective intervention the child/young person will be significantly harm; Pattern of harm is continuing: the more often harm has occurred in the past the more likely it is to occur in the future; The parent or care-giver has made a threat to cause serious harm to the child/young person: such threats may cause significant emotional harm and may reflect parental inability to cope with stress, the greater the stress for a person with caring responsibilities, the greater the likelihood of future physical and emotional harm to the child/young person; Sexual abuse is alleged and the perpetrator continues to have access to the child/young person: if the alleged perpetrator has unlimited access to the child/young person, there is an increased likelihood of further harm; Chronic neglect is identified: serious harm may occur through neglect, such as inadequate supervision, failure to attend to medical needs and failure to nurture; Previous history of abuse or neglect: if a person with parental responsibility has previously harmed a child or young person, there is a greater likelihood of re-occurrence; The use of past history in assessing current functioning is critical. Factors relating to the child or young person Physical harm to a child under 12 months: very young children are more vulnerable due to their age and dependency. Any physical harm to a child under 12 months should be considered serious and the risk assessment should not focus solely on the action and any resultant harm, but rather that the parent has used physical action against a very young child. This could be as a result of parenting skill deficits or high stress levels. Child is unprotected: the risk assessment must consider parental willingness and ability to protect the young child. Children aged 0-5 years are unable to protect themselves, as are children with certain learning disabilities and physical impairments. Children, who are premature, have low birth weight, learning disability, physical or sensory disability and display behavioural problems are more liable to abuse and neglect. The child/young person presents as fearful of the parent or care-giver or other member of the household: a child/young person presenting as fearful, withdrawn or distressed can indicate harm or likely harm. The child/young person is engaging in self-harm, substance misuse, dangerous sexual behaviour or other at risk behaviours: such behaviour can be indicators of past or current abuse or harm. Factors relating to the parent or care-giver The parent or care-giver has caused significant harm to any child/young person in the past through physical or sexual abuse: once a person has been a perpetrator of an incident of maltreatment there is an increased likelihood that this behaviour will re-occur. The parent or care-givers explanation of the current harm/injury is inconsistent or the harm is minimised: this may indicate denial or minimisation. Where a parent or care-giver fails to accept their contribution to the problem, there is a higher likelihood of future significant harm. The parent or care-givers behaviour is violent or out of control: people who resort to violence in any context are more likely to use violent means with a child or young person. The parent or care-giver is unable or unwilling to protect the child/young person: ability to protect the child/young person may be significantly impaired due to mental illness, physical or learning disability, domestic violence, attachment to, or dependence on (psychological or financial) the perpetrator. The parent or care-giver is experiencing a high degree of stress: the greater the stress for a parent or care-giver, the greater the likelihood of future harm to the child or young person. Stress factors include poverty and other financial issues, physical or emotional isolation, health issues, disability, the behaviour of the child/young person, death of a child or other family member, divorce/separation, and large numbers of children. The parent or care-giver has unrealistic expectations of the child/young person and acts in a negative way towards the child/young person: this can be linked to a lack of knowledge of child development and poor parenting skills. Parents or care-givers who do not understand normal developmental milestones may make demands which do not match the child/young persons cognitive, developmental or physical ability. The parent or care-giver has poor care-giving relationship with the child/young person: a care-giver who is insensitive to the child or young person may demonstrate little interest in the child/young persons wellbeing and may not meet their emotional needs. Indicators of poor care-giving include repeated requests for substitute placement for the child/young person. The parent or care-giver has a substance misuse problem. Parental substance misuse can lead to poor supervision, chronic neglect and inability to meet basic needs through lack of money, harmful responses to the child/young person through altered consciousness, risk of harm from others through inability to protect the child/young person. The parent or care-giver refuses access to the child/young person: in these circumstances it is possible that the parent or care-giver wishes to avoid further appraisal of the well-being of the child. Highly mobile families decrease the opportunity for effective intervention, which may increase the likelihood of further harm to the child/young person. The parent or care-giver is young: a parent or care-giver under 21 years may be more likely to harm the child through immaturity, lack of parenting knowledge, poor judgement and inability to tolerate stress. The parents or care-givers themselves experienced childhood neglect or abuse: however caution has to be exercised here; parenting skills are frequently learned/modelled but later positive experiences can counteract an individuals own childhood experiences. Factors relating to the Environment The physical and social environment is chaotic, hazardous and unsafe: a chaotic, unhygienic and non-safe environment can pose a risk to the child/young person through exposure to bacteria/disease or through exposure to hazards such as drug paraphernalia, unsecured chemicals, medication or alcohol. Conversely, an environment with overly sanitised conditions, where the childs needs are not recognised or prioritised is also harmful. 4. Assessing the likely recurrence of harm. When assessing how safe a child is consideration must be given to likelihood of recurrence of any previous harm. Factors for consideration: The severity of the harm (How serious was it? How long did it continue? How often?) In what form was the abuse / harm? Did the abuse have any accompanying neglect or psychological maltreatment? Sadistic acts? Was there any denial? This could include absence of acknowledgement, lack of co-operation, inability to form a partnership and absence of outreach. Are there issues with parental mental health? This could include personality disorder, learning disabilities associated with mental illness, psychosis, and substance/alcohol misuse. These also link to consideration of additional family stress factors, the degree of social support available to the family, the age of the children and number of children and the parents own history of abuse. Other agencies may be able to add additional knowledge and expertise to inform an effective risk assessment. Looking at immediate and long-term risks in the context of the My World triangle. The Assessment Triangle Being healthy Everyday care and help Learning and achieving Keeping me safe Being able to communicate Being there for me Confidence in who I am Play, encouragement and fun Learning to be responsible Guidance, supporting me to make the right choices Becoming independent, looking after myself Knowing what is going to happen and when Enjoying family and Friends Understanding my familys background and beliefs Support from School Work opportunities family, friends and for my family other people Enough money Local resources Belonging Comfortable and safe housing An important principle underpinning the evidence-based planning in Getting it Right for Every Child is that there are many positive and negative influences in the world each child experiences. Each child is unique and will react differently to these influences but all children will react to what is going on in different parts of the family and the wider world in which they are growing up. This is why recent thinking in child development urges that we take a look at all the different influences in a childs whole world when assessing childrens development. This is called a childs ecology and is encapsulated in the My World triangle. Each domain of the My World triangle provides a source of evidence that enable a full developmental holistic assessment of any individual child. The domains can be used to identify strengths and pressures, which balance risk and protective factors. 6. Using the Resilience Matrix to analyse the risks, strengths, protective factors and vulnerabilities. The Resilience Vulnerablity Matrix As defined by Daniel and Wassell, (2002). RESILIENCE Normal development under difficult conditions eg.secure attachment, outgoing temperament, sociability, problem solving skills. High Support / Low Concern PROTECTIVE ENVIRONMENT Factors in the childs environment acting as buffer to the negative effects of adverse experience. ADVERSITY Life events / circumstances posing a threat to healthy development eg. loss, abuse, neglect. Low Support / High Concern VULNERABILITY Those characteristics of the child, their family circle and wider community which might threaten or challenge healthy development eg. disability, racism, lack of or poor attachment. Low Support / High Concern Families assessed to be in this category are the most worrying. Low Concern / High Support. Families in this group have a network of support and are generally more able to cope with advice and guidance from standard services. Resilience includes the protective factors that are features of the child or their world that might counteract identified risks or a predisposition to risk such as: Emotional maturity and social awareness. Evidenced personal safety skills (including knowledge of sources of help). Strong self esteem. Evidence of strong attachment. Evidence of protective adults. Evidence of support networks (supportive peers / relationships). Demonstrable capacity for change by caregivers and the sustained acceptance of the need to change to protect their child. Evidence of openness and willingness to co-operate and accept professional intervention. Protective factors do not in themselves negate high risks, so these need to be cross-referred with individually identified high risks and vulnerabilities. Vulnerabilities are any known characteristic or factors in respect of the child that might predispose them to risk of harm. Examples of these include: Age. Prematurity. Learning difficulties or additional support needs. Physical disability. Communication difficulties / impairment. Isolation. Frequent episodes in public or substitute care. Frequent episodes of running away. Conduct disorder. Mental health problems. Substance dependence / misuse. Self-harm and suicide attempts. Other high risk behaviours. The more vulnerabilities present (or the more serious one single vulnerability is) then the greater the predisposition to risk of harm. The presence of vulnerability in itself is neither conclusive nor predictive. These must be set alongside identified risk factors to be properly understood as part of an assessment process. 7.Weighing the balance of that evidence and making decisions. Decisions now need to be made about what to do to address the needs relating to the childs safety. These decisions lead to a plan to protect the child. This plan should also address the childs broader developmental needs. Stages of decision-making: Data gathering Weigh relative significance Assessment of current situation Circumstances which may alter childs welfare Prospects for change Criteria for gauging effectiveness Timescale proposed Childs plan (child in need plan, child protection plan or care plan, depending on the status of the child). What Factors Reduce the Effectiveness of Risk Assessment? Poor integrated working practices between agencies and individuals. Lack of holistic assessment. Inadequate knowledge of signs, symptoms and child protection processes. Information that has not been shared. Difficulty in interpreting, or understanding, the information that is available. Difficulty in identifying what is significant. Difficulty in distinguishing fact from opinion. Difficulty in establishing linkage across available evidence. Working from assumptions rather than evidence. Over confidence in the certainty of an assessment. A loss of objectivity. Making Effective Risk Assessments Assess all areas of potential risk Define the concern, abuse or neglect Grade the risks Identify factors that may increase risk of harm Consider the nature of the risk its duration / severity Set out and agree time scales for the assessment to be carried out Specifically document the identified risk factors Gather key information and evidence Has all the required information been gathered? Assess the strengths in the situation Check if any risk reducing factors exist? Build a detailed family history and chronology of key events/concerns Assess the motivation, capacity and prospects for change? What risk is associated with intervention? Be aware of potential sources of error Identify the need for specialist supports Plan your key interventions. Constructing a plan and taking appropriate action. Constructing the childs plan is a fundamental part of the Getting it Right for Every Child (Scottish Executive, 2005) initiative. This specifies that there will be a plan for a child in any case where it is thought to be helpful. This can be in both a single agency and a multi-agency context. The assessment of risk and the management of risk is incorporated into the childs plan. This also includes an analysis of the child or young persons circumstances based on the My World triangle and should cover: How the child or young person is growing and developing (including their health, education, physical and mental development, behaviour and social skills). What the child or young person needs from the people who look after him / her, including the strengths and risks involved; The strengths and pressures of the child or young persons wider world of family friends and community; and Assessment of risk, detailing: The kind of risk involved; What is likely to trigger harmful behaviour; and In what circumstances the behaviour is most likely to happen. The plan should note risk low, medium or high as well as the impact of the child or young person on others. (Guidance on the Child or Young Persons Plan, Scottish Executive. 2007, page 13). The plan should address key questions: What is to be done? Who is to do it? How will we know if there are improvements? The Childs Plan should be monitored and reviewed and amended as need, circumstances and risks change. (Scottish Executive, 2007). Child Protection Case Conferences play a key role in the management of risk. A Child Protection Case Conference will be arranged, where it appears that there may be risk of significant harm to children within a household and there is a need to share and assess information to decide whether the childs name needs to be placed on the Child Protection Register and be subject to a Child Protection Plan. (Link to Part 4 NESCPC guidelines) 9. Principles for Risk Management There is a need to ensure that the ongoing shared plan: Manages the risk Puts the decisions into a recorded form that clearly shows how and why decisions were reached. Makes the risk management an ongoing process that links with all areas of agreed and informed professional practice and expertise. Ensures that the decisions made have actions with named persons, clear timescales and review dates. Ensures that any agreed timescales can be reduced if new risks / needs become apparent. Ensures that new risk assessments and analysis inform reviews. Lessons from Significant Case Reviews. Significant Case Reviews repeatedly describe warning signs that agencies have failed to react to which have should acted as indicators that children and young people at risk of serious harm. Examples include: Children and young people who may be hidden from view; are unavailable when professionals visit the family or are prevented from attending school or nursery. Parents who do not co-operate with services; fail to take their children to routine health appointments and discourage professionals from visiting. Parents who are consistently hostile and aggressive to professionals and may threaten violence. Children and young people, who are in emotional or physical distress, but may be unable to verbalise this. Children and young people who are in physical pain (from an injury) may be told to sit or stand in a certain way when professionals visit the family or may hide injuries from view. Children and young people who have gone missing / run away (with or without their families). Workers should adopt an enquiring and investigative approach to risk assessment and not rely on parents or carers statements alone. Further corroboration of statements and challenging of parental views and perceptions is essential if to effectively determine the risk to the child or young person. Interventions should not be delayed until the completion of an assessment, but they have to be carried out in accordance with what is required to ensure the child or young persons safety, taking account of any indications of accelerated risks and warning signs. The type and level of intervention, irrespective of when it is made, must always be proportionate to the circumstances and risks faced by the child. Workers should pay particular concern to the rule of optimism. Many significant case reviews have illustrated that practitioners views can be strongly influenced by factors such as seeing indicators of progress or apparent compliance and co-operation. This does not, however, always mean that the child or young person is safe and such factors need to be balanced against the overall balance of evidence and actual risks. It is essential that those exercising professional judgement in relation to child protection take account of all multi-agency skills and expertise. This is of particular importance in relation to understanding of child development and the impact of child abuse and/or neglect on children and young people, both in the immediate and long term. Thus whilst immediate safety provisions have to be put in place, consideration must also be given to the longer term outcomes as a result of abuse or neglect. Significant case reviews highlight the importance of communication between all agencies that work either directly, or indirectly with children and/or their families. Thus it is imperative that: Adult services MUST ALWAYS consider any potential risks for any child linked to their adult clients. Childrens services MUST ALWAYS ascertain whether any adult services may be involved with their child clients. All services MUST ALWAYS ensure there is effective communication where there are concerns about the protection of a child. Concerns relating to actual or potential harm should never be ignored and are an indication that immediate intervention might be needed to ensure the protection of the child from future harm. Decisions to protect children and young people should never be delayed and where applicable, emergency measures should be considered. (see Part 3 of NESCPC Guidelines).

Battle Of The Boys :: essays research papers

Battle Of The Boys   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Shape of my Heart Or Bye, Bye, Bye? Backstreet Boys or N’Sync? The latest rage is the five Boys that make up a boy band. What most teenagers don’t consider is what makes each group unique. A boy band must be judged on their personal style, their singing, and music and, there is always their performance ability. All of these should be considered when choosing a favorite boy band.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When teen-age girls see the Backstreet Boys on the television they go crazy. When the Backstreet Boys are on TV everyone sees five young men dressed in clothing that most people can not afford. The clothing they wear is preppy and expensive. Companies are always competing to have the Backstreet Boys. LL Bean, Abercrombie and Fitch, Structure and Gap. Now that is just what they wear, when you look at them you can tell who is the more popular guys are. Nick Carter the blond haired blue eyed guy that is considered the hottest guy in the group that most girls fall for. Nick usually wears the more expensive and preppy style of clothing. While Backstreet Boys had Nick and the preppy style of clothing, N’Sync had the more everyday clothing that you see on a lot of people in your every day life. N'Sync has their share of over priced clothing but they wear what they can afford. When you look at N’Sync all of them have good looks but the one that Most girls go for is Justin Timberlake. He has the blond curly hair and the wonderful green eyes. Another thing that makes him so attractive is that he is always willing to help any charity organization.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Neither Backstreet Boys nor N’Sync would be all that popular if it wasn’t for their music abilities. Both bands Sing and produce they’re own music and occasionally a cover song. What make the bands different are the writers of the music. Backstreet Boys are not the best in the category. The Backstreet Boys usually have other people write their music and then the five of them look the music and decide if they want to sing it or not. Occasionally one of the Backstreet Boys will write a song on a CD like on their millennium album Brian form the Backstreet Boys wrote a ballad to his mother called the perfect fan. But on the other hand their big hit I want it that way or shape of my heart was written by one of their writers.

Dear John Mower Company Essay

1) Identify and discuss the major issue(s) in the case Supply chain management is the coordination of all supply chain activities involved in enhancing customer value and achieve sustainable competitive advantage. It represents a conscious effort by the supply chain firms to develop and run supply chains in the most effective & efficient ways possible. Supply chain activities cover everything from product development, sourcing, production, and logistics, as well as the information systems needed to coordinate these activities. In that case, the issues that John Mower Company faces with their supply management part is regarding to get internal customers, whether in design engineering, plant engineering, administration and other in order to recognize and accept the advantages of early supply chain management and supplier involvement in the development of materials, equipment and services to be provided by outside suppliers. The keys are (1) the presence of professionals in supply management who will add value through their and their suppli ers’ early involvement and (2) the use of marketing skills by these professionals to convince their customers and perhaps management of the necessity of early involvement. John Mower Company  also faces a declining in market share of 10 percent. The consequences of this attributes to John’s ability to survive as a profit declined. 2) Prepare a list of advantages of the inclusion of supply management and prequalified suppliers. Every organization is a part of one or more supply chain. Either a company provides a service, sells directly to the end customer, manufactures a product or even extracts material from earth, it is characterized within its supply chain. Earlier, organizations placed little emphasis on organizations within their supply chain network. However, supply chain management had become a forefront of management’s attention due to three major developments (Balsmeier 1996). First is the information revolution. Second is Customer demands in areas of service and product cost, delivery, quality, technology and concept of cycle time brought about by increased global competition and third is emergence of newer forms of inter-organizational relationships. These developments have nurtured the emergence and integration of supply chain approach. To remain competitive, small firms have to offer superior quality goods at the lowest prices possible. The need to minimize product costs makes effective supply chain management vital. There are costs involved in every process of the product life cycle, and it is the responsibility of management to ensure that these costs are kept low, so the company can continue to pass along these savings to the consumer. The advantage of including supply chain management and prequalified suppliers is include : 1) Reduces costs 2) Increase efficiency 3) Increased Profits 4) Reduces time to market 5) Improved quality 6) Much lower stocks and inventory 3) Prepare a list of disadvantages of excluding supply management and suppliers from the new product development process. The supply chains represents the complex relationships of an organization with its trading  partners through whom it sources materials, manufactures products and delivers products or services to the customers. The supply chain links all the activities in the procurement, transformation and storage of raw materials and intermediate products, and sale of finished goods. Supply management personnel should be able to pass on information regarding new technologies and product that are available to the product design group. Supply management can aid source selection by discussing potential suppliers quality program, production capacity, lead time, delivery reliability, financial capability and management stability and strength. If the supply management and suppliers is excluding from the new product development process, hence there is some problem that may occur in th e company such as: 1) Quality problem resulting in redesign, rework, retrofit and field failures 2) Cost overruns 3) Foregone cost saving 4) New product which are late to market 5) Failure in recognize problems in timely manner 6) Major scheduling problems 4) Assuming that the three executives agree on early involvement of supply management and suppliers, develop a plan to implement this new way of doing business. Integrating the supply chain to improve logistics efficiency is a key challenge. Rather than going from no involvement to high involvement on all projects all at once, many suppliers’ professionals would begin with a sample or showcase project. A member of the supply management staff who can add value, know his or her suppliers, and one who has exemplary people and team skills should be invited by Mr Steel and the new project manager or engineer to participate in a key project. This individual in turn should invite a carefully pre-qualified supplier to participate in the project at the appropriate time. Hence, for the supply chains to be successful, it should integrate the three individual business processes of procurement, manufacturing, and distribution by consolidating the sub components in each of every area. Procurement: This is one of the major cost drivers in the supply chan. Procurement cost is influenced by the way procurement decision is made, procedures adopted in the procurement process and relationship with suppliers. Procurement cost can be controlled through long-term relationships with suppliers by considering the supplier as an extension of the manufacturing facility. The philosophy of co-partnership is based on the sharing of resources and benefits on a long term basis. The major step in this process is reduction in supplier’s base and induction of a few reliable suppliers into the supply chain, who are ready to work for the firm and can align themselves with the policy framework and requirements of the supply chain. Manufacturing: For a lean supply chain the emphasis today is not on curtailing the processing cost through economies of scale, but by curtailing the huge inventory carrying cost resulting from mass production ahead of demand. In the past, the emphasis was on building mega capacity factories to produce standard products in millions in order to reduce manufacturing costs and flood the market with low priced products. This approach resulted in the build up of a large reservoir of finished goods, which remain unsold and dead due to its inability to respond to the changing needs of the customers. Hence, today firms instead of banking on cost reduction through economies of scale are thinking of strategies of reducing the total supply chain cost through manufacturing flexibility to rapidly respond to changing markets demands of products volumes and varieties. Distribution: Traditionally, the role of distribution in the business process is warehousing transportation. However, in the supply chain model, the major task of distribution is the management of demand. It is important to make available the right product, at the right place, at the right time, and at the least cost. Demand management covers all the activities involving anticipating the customer requirements of products and fulfill that requirements against defined customer service norms. Requirement fulfillment is done through proper distribution network. The first task in demand management is to forecast customer requirement accurately. This is done only  if the firm is able to satisfy the customer as per the service level acceptable to the customer. Logistics play a vital role in understanding the demand through improved informational flow by way of quick response to customer’s demands. 5) What other suggestion can you make for improving the situation in the company? Management of The John Mower Company must be strongly committed to early supply management and early supply management involvement in all aspects of new product development. Suppliers can provide technical support technical support in the early stages of design that can decrease materials costs and improved product quality. Furthermore, early supply management and early supply involvement can reduce starts up problems and delay. When supply management join engineering in meetings with potential suppliers, it can address a price and discount issues, quantity and quality requirement, lead time and delivery schedules and financial capabilities. The supplier’s responses to this issue will allow supply management to further qualify the supplier. Besides that, management must stress standardization and limit engineering’s role in supply management issue. The engineers should concentrate on designing a reliable and timely product; as they must work with supply management to meet that end. The engineers will be motivated to spend more time in designing and evaluation a new part. Training supply management personnel is a key to further success. The division must recognize that is needed to invest in a training program for its supply management personnel in order to receive a full benefit from its supply management system. This training such as individuals training at seminars, trade shows, or classes conducted by engineers on how to read blueprints and specification sheets. The division’s management must emphasize the important of this issue to the entire organization. With such commitment, the division will be able to develop new products in the shortest amount of time for the lowest amount of time for the lowest cost and still maintain the quality and reliability that give the company the leadership position that it once enjoye d.